Pressure jet apparatus



May 13, 1952 D. M. PAxToN PRESSURE JET APPARATUS 2 SHEETS-SHEET l Filed Deo. 8, 1947 eessuee Gaz/6E anne-e INVENTOR. lLsPwa/u M53 o@ BY nrroeA/EV May 13, 1952 D. M. PAxToN 2,596,593

PRESSURE JET APPARATUS Filed DeCL 8, 1947 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 i). g. 46g@ 1 ,Il l

Patented May 13, 1952 PRESSURE JET APPARATUS Dewey M. Paxton, Phoenix, Ariz., assignor to In- Y dustrial Research, Inc., a corporation of Arizona Application VDecember 8, 1947, Serial No.'790,2491:

5 Claims.- (Cl. 10S-243) `-Myinvention relatest'o apparatus forproducing jets ofliquid of the same character and for thef-same purpose asthev apparatus embodied in mypending application Serial Number'703,236, ledOctober 1'4, 1946.

It isfa'- purpose of my present invention to both structurallyand functionally simplify such apparatuslwithoutV sacriilce of jet producing pressure and velocity, the structural simplification resultingfin'an apparatus of relatively lovv cost, and compact and light to enhance its portability.

It *is* also a purpose of my invention to provide apressurejet apparatus which embodies a signalfpreferably audible, which is operable `automaticallyby and upon each actuation ofthe apparatuslfs'o that the operator may be apprised of and hence keep a record of the number of hydraulc 'j ets produced by theapparatus forfa given washing; iiushing, or cleaning operation.

A'ffurther'purpose of my invention is the provision cfa liquidv jet producing apparatus which may/employl asinglebody of Water repeatedly to produce successively jets of high pressure and velocity, thus conserving thelwater in localities where Water is at a premium.

' I'will describe only two forms of liquid jet producingapparatus, each embodying my invention, and will then point out the novel features thereof in'claims:

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. lis a View showing-schematically one'form of'pressure-jet apparatus embodying my invention; with certain parts'thereof in section.

lig'Zv is an enlarged vertical sectional View taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3is a View similar vto Fig. l but showing the tank in" lowered position as distinguished from the Velevated position of Fig.' 1, and with the valve' and'signal actuating mechanism in active position.

Fig. 4 isa vievvshowing in vertical section and partlyin elevation' a modiiied form of apparatus embodyinga pump" which is to be` substituted for the tank of the apparatus of Fig. 1.

` Having specific reference to the form of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 3, a stationary axle I5 is horizontally supported by any suitable means (not shown), and pivoted thereon at one end isian' arm I6 urged by means' of a spring l1 toran elevatedV position as denedby a stop pin I8. A rod I9 pivotallyiconnected tothe free end ofthe arm llii as at20, and likewise connected` to'fan e'ar 2.2fi'xed centrally to the top of a tank 2-3,v suspends the latter from the arm for vertical movementtherewith.

Water14 inlet-and outlet meansisconnected to thebottomof the tank 23-through. Whichwater may-be supplied'to the tank, and suchvvater. dis.- charged therefrom to afpoint for use. Thiswater inlet and outlet. means comprises a. length. of flexible. hose2llM connected by anelbow 25L.to the bottom of-the tank 23. The other endoi. the hose isconnected through an` elbow 2li tothe lower end of a pipe 21,y the upper endof. such pipe being connected byA a` cross union 28. tol a water discharge pipe 29. A-water supply conduit 39 isconnected-to the unionf23.. in axialalignment with a discharge` pipe29,.and this` conduit has thereina check valve 3| which operates-to prevent Water'flow back to the source withl which it isadapted `to be connected. Aheadof thisvalve 3| there is interposed inthe-conduit a` control valve 32` whiehis manually operable to cutoff the Water supply to the apparatus.

Asin the apparatus embodied .in my cupending application` hereinbefore referred. to, Water is adapted to-be expelledintermittently` fromthe tank- 23'fthrough-the employment -of compressed air,` and forvthis purpose acompressedair supply line 33 is providedfadapted' for connection to anair motor` (not shown); Thisline is connected to one side of `a Vvalve'lhousing` 34- witha flexible. linelportion 35 connected-to the other side of thehousing and extending to the bottom 'I of the tank23where it -is connected to anv out-` let stand pipe 36- that extends upwardlyto :a point above'the normal water levelin-thetank. At thelineportion 35 side the` housingi- 34 is formed with a bleed port 34a the-purposeof which will be described hereinafter;

The branch line3l is-connected to thelmain line33 through `a T union `38 and avalve 39., this branch line leading from the valve to "theunion 28 so thatY air under pressure can be'supplied. to the dischargedpipe 29 when desired andi as will be moreV fully describedhereinafter. Con-V nected `to thefother side' of the union "38 is'a pipe, 49 leading tofa'pressure'. gaugeM by Whichthe pressure of air as supplied to the'discharge.- pipe. 29 throng-lr. the branch`line'31, may beideter-F- mined.

The`A valve 39 vis* a conventional three Way valve; and may be manually operated toconnect the mainline 33 tothe branchline 31 or "todiscontinue: the supply of air'to`the valve'xhouslngf 34, an'dsupply it directly to pipei29.

tion bya spring I31andprovidedA witha'stem 4'4' having a head 45 exteriorly of the housing` and' parts of a mechanism for supporting the tankl 23 for vertical movement to occupy the elevated position shown in Fig. l when the tank is empty of water, and to permit movement of the tank to the lowered position shown in Fig. 3 when the latter is supplied with a predetermined quantity of water, to open or close the valve 42 and to actuate a signal for audibly indicating that th tank 23 has been emptied of water. Y

This mechanism also includes an arm 46 having a horizontal portion 41 at the lower end of a vertical portion 48. and a second horizontal portion 49 which is pivotally mounted on the axle I and disposed directly above the head 45. An L-shaped flexible extension 59 of the arm I5 which is in the form of a spring wire, is fixed at one end to the free end of the arm as at 5I. The vertical portion 52 of this extension is connected to a vertical portion 53 of the arm 46 by a coiled contractilespring 54. It is important to note that the upper end of the portion 53 is normally below the lower end of the portion 52, and that the latter is in the same horiaontal plane as the axle I5. A stop Din 55 is positioned to engage the arm portion 49 and limit upward movement of the arm 46 under the action of the spring 54.

The audible sicnal hereinbefore referred to may comprise a bell 56 secured as at 51 to a vertical wall 58. This bell is adapted to be sounded by a tapper 59 on the free end ofeJ spring arm 69 secured to the under side of the arm 46 as at 6I.

In the operation of the apparatus to produce a pressure jet in the discharge pipe 29, the operator opens the control valve 32 allowing water to be supplied to the tank 23 through the pipes 21 and 24. Following this the valve 39 is adjustedrto allow compressed air to ow through the line 33 to the valve housing 34. With the tank 33 in elevated position as shown in Fig. l and water iiowing thereinto, as soon as the weight of the water overcomes the tension of the spring I1 the tank 23 will move downwardly to the positionshown in Fig. 3, thereby swinging the arm I6 downwardly. As the arm moves downwardly the extension 5I] is actuated to pull on the spring 54 and increase its tension, the extension flexing in so doing moves the vertical portion 52 downwardly. The instant the free end of the vertical portion 52 passes below the axle I5 as will be clear from the broken line in Fig. 3 which indicates the line of pull now exerted by the spring 54, the latter functions to snap the arm 46 to the lowered position shown in Fig. 3, wherein the horizontal portion 49 strikes the head 45 to open the valve 42 and close the bleed port 34a to prevent the escape of air. With the valve so opened compressed air from the line 33 now passes to the pipe 36 to rush into the tank 23 at a point above the water therein and thus expel the water through the hose 24, the pipe 21, and into the discharge pipe 29, the check valve 3I preventing the water from passing rearwardly to the source.

As soon as the tank 23 is sufliciently emptied so as to be raised by the spring I1, the coincidental elevation of the arm I6 elevates the extension 59 to remove the depressing action of the spring 54 on the arm 46 so that the latter is restored to its normal elevated position wherein 4 the portion 49 is moved out of engagement with the head 45 to allow the valve 42 to close under the action of the spring 43 and thereby prevent further dow of compressed air to the tank. The tank now being relieved of air pressure water will again ow from the pipe 30 through the pipe 21 and the hose 24 to refill the tank, thus initiating a second cycle of operation of the apparatus. From this mode of operation it will be clear that water will enter the tank 23 and be expelled therefrom in surges to be discharged from the pipe 29 in a continuous stream of fluctuating pressure and velocity and thereby effecting the high degree of cleaning action where the water as discharged is delivered to the cooling system of an internal combustion engine or to,V

any other suitable use to which it may be p ut.

In order that the operator may have some audible indication as to the frequency and number of operations of the apparatus, the bell 56 has been provided. With each depressionrof the arm 46 the tapper 59 is caused to strike the bell thus indicating the beginning of a water surging operation. The tapper does not remain in contact with the bell following striking thereof by virtue of the spring 69, as will be understood.

If it is desired to discharge water from the pipe 29 of my apparatus in a continuous stream at a high constant pressure rather than in surges, the valve-39 is adjusted to discontinue air iiow to the line 33 and cause it to flow through the line 31 where it combines with the waterY from the pipe 39 to increase the pressure and velocity oi the water as discharged from the pipe 29.

Referring now to Fig. 4, I have here shown another form o apparatus which embodies all of the elements-of the rst apparatus with the exception of the tank 23 and the stand pipe 36. In place of the tank 23 I provide a water pump comprising a cylinder to the lower end of which is connected the hose 24. The upper end of this cylinder is closed by a head 66 secured thereto by bolts 61, and the head is formed with a cylinder 68 of relatively small diameter as compared to that of the cylinder 65. i Y

The air hose 35 is connected to the upper end of the cylinder 68 of an air pump so as to communicate therewith, and the two cylinders are suspended from the arm I6 by the rod I9 connected to the upper end of the cylinder 63. Within the cylinder 65 is a piston 69 urged upwardly therein by means of a spring 16, while a rod 1I is connected at its lower end to the piston 69, and at its upper end to a piston 12 which is movable in the cylinder 68.

The apparatus just described is designed more particularly for use where water is at a premium, for in this apparatus the same water can be used repeatedly to eifect cleaning of the cooling system of an engine. Once the system is freed of accumulated matter, the water so used is drained from the cylinder 65, and filled with fresh water to ush out the system by opening the control valve 32.

In the operation of this the controlvalve 32 is opened to supply water to the bottom of the water pump cylinder 65, and the valve 39 adjusted to allow compressed air to flow to the valve housing 34. der 55 becomes lled with water, the control valve 32 is closed and the now lled cylinder descends to move the mechanism for the air valve 42 and the bell tapper 39, from the position of Fig. 1 to that of Fig. 2. In consequence, the bell 56 is sounded and the valve 42 opened to supform of my apparatus,V

Once the cylin- 'ply" compressedairto the' Vpump` cylinder' `lill whereupon the Vpiston 12 is forced downwardly against" the tensionofithe spring 10, to actuate the piston 69 and thus expel water from the cylinder 65 to befdischarged iinally from the pipe 29.

`6`B""ari`dl`f2-` to-be moved by the spring 10 back to elevated" posit-ionV in Y their respective cylinders.

VUnder'thisupwardmovementof the piston 69, that waterpreviously-expelledis drawn back into th'e cylinder-65 for reexpul'sion `upon a second operation" of' the-apparatus; Infthis manner` the same Water can befrepeatedlyfemployed and surged through the cooling system of an internal combustion engineas an"example, until all foreign'mattertherein has4 been' loosened. Once this is accomplished, the water so used is drained from the cylinder 65, and the cylinder relled with fresh water by opening the control valve 32, to be used in flushing out the cooling system.

If the apparatus is below the cooling system being cleaned, the water expelled from the cylinder will iiow back thereinto and elevate the piston 69. However, .by adding the spring 10, the position of the apparatus with respect to the cooling system, may be disregarded, for the spring in expanding will rapidly elevate the piston to insure refilling of the cylinder with water and in a rapid manner.

Although I have herein shown and described only two forms of pressure jet apparatus each embodying my invention, it is to be understood that various changes and modications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention and the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A pressure jet apparatus, including: a pump having a cylinder and a spring-loaded piston therein; a hollow cylinder projecting from one end of the cylinder of the pump; a piston rod :projecting from said pump piston into the hollow cylinder; a piston on the piston rod; water inlet and outlet means connected to the lower end of said pump; a compressed air line connected to the other end of said pump above the second-said piston; a normally closed valve in said line preventing air flow to said pump; and a spring-loaded mechanism supporting said pump for vertical movement and to snap the latter to an elevated position when empty of water, and permitting movement of said pump to a lowered position when containing a predetermined cuantity of water, said mechanism so correlated to said valve as to open the latter when said pump is in lowered position to admit compressed air to said second said piston and move the first said piston thereof to expel water therefrom and thereby allow said mechanism to elevate said pump and close said valve.

2. A pressure jet apparatus, including: a water pump having a cylinder and a spring-loaded piston therein; a source of water supply for lling said pump; a valve for cutting oiT said cylinder from said source once the cylinder is filled; an air motor structurally associated with said piston and comprising a relatively small cylinder forming a coaxial continuation of the cylinder of the water pump and a piston working in said rst cylinder and having its rod unitary with water inlet; and outlet means connected'to` said tank; awa-tersupply conduit connectedto f said mea-ns; a supply' line for compressedfaircommunicating with the-'top-fportion ofE said tank; a n'ornially closed valve' inVv said line'V preventing airow to said tank; and amechanismf'orfsupporting saidv tank foriV vertical rriovernentl and capableof urging theempty tank to'fan` elevated position and enabling said tank to move to a lowered position when containing a predetermined quantity of water, comprising a first arm; a second arm organized with said valve for opening the same; a common .pivot for said arms from which they extend in opposite directions; a connection between said first arm and said tank suspending the latter from said arm; a spring connected to and positioned above said first arm for urging the arm and tank upwardly; an extension of said rst arm projecting to the other side of said pivot from said arm; and a second spring so connected to said extension and said second arm that when said first arm is lowered by said tank to a position in which that end of said second spring which is connected to said extension is below said pivot the spring will depress said second arm and open said valve.

4. A pressure jet apparatus, including: a surge tank; water inlet and outlet means connected to the lower portion of said tank; a water supply conduit connected to said means; a supply line for compressed air communicating with the top portion of said tank; a normally closed valve in said line preventing air iiow to said tank; and a spring-loaded mechanism supporting said tank for vertical movement and to urge said tank to an elevated position when empty of water, and permitting movement of said tank to a lowered position when containing a predetermined quantity of water as supplied thereto from said means, said mechanism so correlated to said valve as to open the latter under movement of said tank to lowered position thus allowing compressed air to be supplied to said tank for expelling water therefrom through said means, said mechanism comprising a rst arm, a second arm for opening said valve, a common pivot for said arms from which they extend in opposite directions, a connection between said rst arm and said tank suspending the latter from said arm, a spring connected to and positioned above said first arm for urging the arm and tank upwardly, an extension oi said rst arm projecting to 'the other side of said pivot from said arm, a second spring so connected to said extension and said second arm that when said rst arm is lowered by said tank to a position in which that end of said second spring connected to said extension is below said pivot the spring will depress said second arm and open said valve.

5. A pressure jet apparatus, including: a surge cylinder; water inlet and outlet means connected to the lower end of said cylinder; a piston in 7 said cylinder; a spring for urging said piston upwardly within said cylinder; a piston rod projecting upwardly from said piston; a second cylinder surrounding the rod; a piston Working in the second cylinder; a supply line for compressed air connected to the upper end of the second cylinder; a normally closed valve in said line preventing air ow to the second cylinder; and mechanism supporting the cylinders for Vertical movement and to urge the latter to an elevated position when the rst mentioned cylinder is empty of water, and permitting movement thereof to a lowered position when the rst mentioned cylinder contains a predetermined quantity of water as supplied thereto from said means, said mechanism so correlated to said valve as to open the latter under movement of said cylinders to lowered position thus allowing compressed air to be supplied to thesecond cylinder for actuating the piston therein and through the rod thereof to operate the piston in the first mentioned cylinder to expel water from the latter through Vsaid means. i

DEWEY M. PAXTQN.

REFERENCES CITEDY The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

A UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 318,202 Pedicord May 19, 1885 350,146 Metz Oct. 5, 1886 832,930 Strong Oct, 9, 1906 903,420 Themke et al Nov- 10, 1908 922,870 Esping May 25, 1909 1,186,485 McClelland June 6, 1916 1,528,541 Hampton Mar. 3, 1925 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 586,761 France Apr. 3, 1925 

